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The `!Java Community Process (JCP)`!, established in 1998, is a formal mechanism that enables interested parties to develop standard technical specifications for Java technology. Becoming a member of the JCP requires solid knowledge of the Java programming language, its specifications, and best practices in software development. Membership in the JCP involves a detailed review of the candidate's profile, including an assessment by current members. Typically, professionals are invited to join the JCP based on their contributions and reputation within the Java community.

Once invited, the new member undergoes an evaluation by the JCP Executive Committee, ensuring that they can effectively contribute to the Java Specification Requests (JSRs). These formal documents describe proposed specifications and technologies to be added to the `F33f`_`[Java platform`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Java_(software_platform)]`_`f. New members are encouraged to engage actively and play a crucial role in supporting the Java community and its releases. It is essential that members possess expertise and in-depth technical knowledge, combined with strong professional experience, to significantly contribute to the growth and usage of the `F33f`_`[Java language`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Java_(programming_language)]`_`f.

Membership for organizations and commercial entities requires annual fees, but it is free for individuals. JSRs undergo formal public reviews before becoming final, and the JCP `F33f`_`[Executive Committee`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=JCP_Executive_Committee]`_`f votes on their approval. A finalized JSR provides a `F33f`_`[reference implementation`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Reference_implementation]`_`f, which is a free implementation of the technology in source code form, and a Technology Compatibility Kit to verify the API specification.

The JCP itself is described by a JSR. As of 2020, JSR 387 describes the current version (2.11) of the JCP.

>>Contents

• `F0af`_`[List of JSRs`#list-of-jsrs]`_`f
• `F0af`_`[Criticism`#criticism]`_`f
• `F0af`_`[JCP Program and Industry Awards`#jcp-program-and-industry-awards]`_`f
• `F0af`_`[See also`#see-also]`_`f
• `F0af`_`[Notes`#notes]`_`f
• `F0af`_`[External links`#external-links]`_`f

-─

>>List of JSRs

There are hundreds of JSRs. Some of the more visible JSRs include:

`t
| JSR # | Specification or Technology | Reference implementations |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Real-Time Specification for Java (RTSJ)… | |
| 3 | Java Management Extensions (JMX) 1.0, 1… | |
| 5 | Java API for XML Processing (JAXP) 1.0 | |
| 8 | OSGI Open Services Gateway Specification | |
| 9 | Jiro (Federated Management Architecture… | |
| 12 | Java Data Objects (JDO) 1.0 | |
| 13 | Improved BigDecimal ( Java Platform, St… | |
| 14 | Add Generic Types To The Java Programmi… | |
| 16 | Java EE Connector Architecture (JCA) 1.0 | |
| 19 | Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) 2.0 | |
| 22 | JAIN SLEE API Specification (JSLEE) 1.0 | |
| 30 | Connected Limited Device Configuration… | |
| 31 | Java Architecture for XML Binding (JAXB… | |
| 32 | JAIN SIP API Specification (JSIP) 1.0,… | |
| 36 | Connected Device Configuration (CDC) 1.… | |
| 37 | Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP… | |
| 40 | Java Metadata Interface (JMI) 1.0 | |
| 41 | A Simple Assertion Facility (as of J2SE… | |
| 47 | Logging API Specification (as of J2SE 1… | |
| 48 | WBEM Services Specification (as of J2SE… | |
| 51 | Non-blocking I/O (NIO) (as of J2SE 1.4) | Grizzly , Netty |
| 52 | JavaServer Pages Standard Tag Library (… | |
| 53 | Java Servlet 2.3 and JavaServer Pages (… | |
| 54 | Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) 3.0 | |
| 56 | Java Network Launching Protocol and API… | |
| 58 | Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2… | |
| 59 | Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition (J2SE… | |
| 63 | Java API for XML Processing (JAXP) 1.1… | |
| 68 | Java Platform, Micro Edition (Java ME)… | |
| 73 | Java Data Mining API (JDM) 1.0 | |
| 75 | PDA Optional Packages for the J2ME Plat… | |
| 77 | J2EE Management | |
| 80 | Java USB API | |
| 82 | Java APIs for Bluetooth | |
| 88 | Java EE Application Deployment | |
| 91 | OSS Trouble Ticket API | |
| 93 | Java API for XML Registries (JAXR) 1.0 | |
| 94 | Java Rules Engine API | |
| 102 | Java Document Object Model (JDOM) 1.0 | |
| 110 | Java APIs for WSDL (WSDL4J) 1.0 | |
| 112 | Java EE Connector Architecture (JCA) 1.5 | |
| 113 | Java Speech API 2 (JSAPI2) | |
| 114 | Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) Rowse… | |
| 116 | SIP Servlet API 1.0 | |
| 118 | Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP… | |
| 120 | Wireless Messaging API (WMA) | |
| 121 | Application Isolation API | |
| 127 | JavaServer Faces (JSF) 1.0 and 1.1 | |
| 133 | Java Memory Model and Thread Specificat… | |
| 135 | Java Mobile Media API (MMAPI) for Java… | |
| 139 | Connected Limited Device Configuration… | |
| 140 | Service Location Protocol (SLP) API for… | |
| 141 | Session Description Protocol (SDP) API… | |
| 151 | Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2… | |
| 152 | JavaServer Pages (JSP) 2.0 | |
| 153 | Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) 2.1 | |
| 154 | Java Servlet 2.4 and 2.5 Specifications | |
| 160 | Java Management Extensions (JMX) Remote… | |
| 163 | Java Platform Profiling Architecture (J… | |
| 166 | Concurrency Utilities (as of J2SE 5.0 j… | |
| 168 | Portlet specification 1.0 | |
| 170 | Content repository API for Java (JCR) 1… | |
| 172 | Web Services Specification for Java ME | |
| 173 | StAX (Streaming API for XML) | |
| 175 | A Metadata Facility for the Java Progra… | |
| 176 | Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition (J2SE… | |
| 177 | Security and Trust Services API for J2M… | |
| 179 | Location API 1.0 for Java ME | |
| 180 | Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) API f… | |
| 181 | Web Services Metadata for the Java Plat… | |
| 184 | Mobile 3D Graphics API for Java ME 1.0… | |
| 185 | Java Technology for the Wireless Indust… | |
| 187 | Instant messaging ( Java ME and Java SE… | |
| 198 | A Standard Extension API for Integrated… | |
| 199 | Java Compiler API | |
| 200 | Pack200 Network Transfer Format for Jav… | |
| 201 | Extending the Java Programming Language… | |
| 202 | Java Class File Specification Update | |
| 203 | More Non-blocking I/O (Java) (NIO2) | |
| 204 | Unicode Supplementary Character Support… | |
| 205 | Wireless Messaging API 2.0 (WMA) 2.0 | |
| 206 | Java API for XML Processing (JAXP) 1.3 | |
| 208 | Java Business Integration (JBI) 1.0 | |
| 211 | Content Handler API | |
| 215 | Java Community Process (JCP) 2.6 | |
| 218 | Connected Device Configuration (CDC) 1.… | |
| 219 | Foundation Profile 1.1 | |
| 220 | Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) 3.0 | |
| 221 | Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) 4.0 | |
| 222 | Java Architecture for XML Binding (JAXB… | |
| 223 | Scripting for the Java Platform for Jav… | |
| 224 | Java API for XML Web Services (JAX-WS),… | |
| 225 | XQuery API for Java (XQJ) | |
| 226 | Scalable 2D Vector Graphics API for Jav… | |
| 229 | Payment API (PAPI) | |
| 231 | Java Bindings for OpenGL | |
| 234 | Advanced Multimedia Supplements API for… | |
| 235 | Service Data Objects (SDO) | |
| 239 | Java Bindings for OpenGL ES | |
| 240 | JAIN SLEE API Specification (JSLEE) 1.1 | |
| 241 | The Groovy Programming Language | |
| 243 | Java Data Objects (JDO) 2.0 | |
| 244 | Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (Java… | |
| 245 | JavaServer Pages (JSP) 2.1 | |
| 247 | Java Data Mining API (JDM) 2.0 | |
| 248 | Mobile Service Architecture | |
| 249 | Mobile Service Architecture 2 | |
| 250 | Common Annotations for the Java Platfor… | |
| 252 | JavaServer Faces (JSF) 1.2 | |
| 253 | Mobile Telephony API (MTA) | |
| 255 | Java Management Extensions (JMX) 2.0 | |
| 256 | Mobile Sensor API | |
| 257 | Contactless Communication API ( NFC ) | |
| 260 | Javadoc Tag Technology Update | |
| 269 | Pluggable Annotations Processing API (f… | |
| 270 | Java Platform, Standard Edition (Java S… | |
| 271 | Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP… | |
| 274 | The BeanShell Scripting Language | |
| 275 | Units specification (see Units of Measu… | |
| 276 | Design-time Metadata for JavaServer Fac… | |
| 277 | Java Module System | |
| 280 | XML API for Java ME | |
| 281 | IMS Services API (See IMS ) | |
| 282 | Real-Time Specification for Java (RTSJ)… | |
| 283 | Content repository API for Java (JCR) 2… | |
| 286 | Portlet Specification 2.0 | |
| 289 | SIP Servlet API 1.1 | |
| 290 | Java Language & XML User Interface Mark… | |
| 291 | Dynamic Component Support for Java SE (… | |
| 292 | Supporting Dynamically Typed Languages… | |
| 293 | Location API 2.0 for Java ME | |
| 294 | Improved Modularity Support in the Java… | |
| 296 | Swing Application Framework (Java SE 7) | |
| 299 | Contexts and Dependency Injection for t… | Weld |
| 301 | JSF Portlet Bridge | |
| 303 | Bean Validation | Hibernate Validator |
| 307 | Network Mobility and Mobile Data API (n… | |
| 308 | Annotations on Java Types (Java SE 8) | |
| 311 | JAX-RS : The Java API for RESTful Web S… | |
| 314 | JavaServer Faces (JSF) 2.0 | Mojarra JavaServer Faces |
| 316 | Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (Java… | |
| 317 | Java Persistence API (JPA) 2.0 | EclipseLink |
| 322 | Java EE Connector Architecture (JCA) 1.6 | |
| 325 | IMS Communication Enablers (ICE) (See I… | |
| 330 | Dependency Injection for Java | HK2 |
| 336 | Java SE 7 Release Contents | [OpenJDK 7] |
| 337 | Java SE 8 Release Contents | [OpenJDK 8] |
| 338 | Java Persistence API (JPA) 2.1 | EclipseLink |
| 339 | JAX-RS 2.0 : The Java API for RESTful W… | |
| 343 | Java Message Service 2.0 (JMS) | |
| 352 | Java Batch | IBM Java Batch |
| 354 | Java Money & Currency API | |
| 356 | Java API for WebSocket | |
| 365 | Contexts and Dependency Injection for J… | Weld |
| 367 | Java API for JSON Binding (JSON-B) | Eclipse Yasson |
| 370 | Java API for RESTful Web Services (JAX-… | Project Jersey |
| 374 | Java API for JSON Processing 1.1 | Eclipse JSON-P Archived 2019-05-31 at t… |
| 376 | Java Platform Module System (supersedes… | |
| 380 | Bean Validation 2.0 | Hibernate Validator |
| | | |
| 901 | The Java Language Specification, Third… | |
| 907 | Java Transaction API (JTA) 1.0 and 1.1 | |
| 912 | Java 3D API 1.3 | |
| 913 | Java Community Process (JCP) 2.0, 2.1 &… | |
| 914 | Java Message Service (JMS) API 1.0 and… | |
| 924 | Java Virtual Machine Specification, Sec… | OpenJDK |
| 926 | Java 3D API 1.5 | |
`t

`t
| JSR # | Other implementations |
|---|---|
| 299 | OpenWebBeans |
| 314 | Apache MyFaces |
| 317 | Hibernate , openJPA |
| 336 | ? |
| 337 | ? |
| 338 | Hibernate , openJPA |
| 352 | JBeret , Spring Batch |
| 367 | Jackson |
| 374 | Jackson |
`t

>>Criticism

The JCP's executive board has been characterized as a "`F33f`_`[rubber stamp organization`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Rubber_stamp_(politics)]`_`f" since `F33f`_`[Oracle`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Oracle_Corporation]`_`f acquired `F33f`_`[Sun Microsystems`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Sun_Microsystems]`_`f (the original developer of the `F33f`_`[Java language`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Java_(programming_language)]`_`f).`:cite-ref-handy-9-0[`F5bf`_`[9`#cite-note-handy-9]`_`f]

The `F33f`_`[Apache Software Foundation`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Apache_Software_Foundation]`_`f resigned its seat on the board in December 2010 because `F33f`_`[Oracle`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Oracle_Corporation]`_`f was unwilling to license the `F33f`_`[Technology Compatibility Kit`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Technology_Compatibility_Kit]`_`f for Apache's version of Java.`:cite-ref-whiting-10-0[`F5bf`_`[10`#cite-note-whiting-10]`_`f]

>>JCP Program and Industry Awards

Source:`:cite-ref-11[`F5bf`_`[11`#cite-note-11]`_`f]

`t
| Award | Nominee |
|---|---|
| JCP Member/Participant of the Year | London Java Community and SouJava |
| JCP Member/Participant of the Year | Stephen Colebourne |
| JCP Member/Participant of the Year | Markus Eisele |
| JCP Member/Participant of the Year | JUG Chennai |
| JCP Member/Participant of the Year | Werner Keil |
| JCP Member/Participant of the Year | Antoine Sabot-Durand |
| Outstanding Spec Lead | Victor Grazi, Credit Suisse |
| Outstanding Spec Lead | Michael Ernst |
| Outstanding Spec Lead | Nigel Deakin, Oracle |
| Outstanding Spec Lead | Pete Muir, Red Hat |
| Most Significant JSR | Jitendra Kotamraju |
| Most Significant JSR | Victor Grazi, Credit Suisse |
| Most Significant JSR | Mitch Upton |
| Most Significant JSR | Nigel Deakin |
| Most Significant JSR | Patrick Curran |
`t

`t
| Award | Contributions |
|---|---|
| JCP Member/Participant of the Year | "Adopt a JSR!" program |
| JCP Member/Participant of the Year | Date and time API for Java . |
| JCP Member/Participant of the Year | Active work among the German Java commu… |
| JCP Member/Participant of the Year | Becoming the most active JCP organizati… |
| JCP Member/Participant of the Year | Incredible energy and participation in… |
| JCP Member/Participant of the Year | JSR Early Draft Release – accomplished… |
| Outstanding Spec Lead | Java Money & Currency API |
| Outstanding Spec Lead | Annotations on Java Types |
| Outstanding Spec Lead | Java Message Service 2.0 |
| Outstanding Spec Lead | Contexts and Dependency Injection for J… |
| Most Significant JSR | API for JSON Processing |
| Most Significant JSR | Money and Currency API |
| Most Significant JSR | Java State Management |
| Most Significant JSR | Java Message Service 2 |
| Most Significant JSR | JCP.Next |
`t

`t
| Award | Details | JSR # |
|---|---|---|
| JCP Member/Participant of the Year | Supporting Java developers through the… | |
| JCP Member/Participant of the Year | Comprehensive and advanced. Tireless wo… | 310 |
| JCP Member/Participant of the Year | | 342 |
| Outstanding Spec Lead | Dedicated, focused expertise in solving… | 354 |
| Outstanding Spec Lead | Level-headed approach; a great example… | 308 |
| Outstanding Spec Lead | Outstanding, thorough, and intelligent… | 343 |
| Outstanding Spec Lead | Voluntarily upgrading to 2.8 in late 20… | 346 |
| Most Significant JSR | An important step in bringing Java into… | 353 |
| Most Significant JSR | New ways of handling monetary amounts a… | 354 |
| Most Significant JSR | The potential to improve how Applicatio… | 350 |
| Most Significant JSR | Modernize JMS at a rapid pace. | 343 |
| Most Significant JSR | Setting the direction and procedures fo… | 348 355 358 |
`t

`t
| Award | Win? |
|---|---|
| JCP Member/Participant of the Year | Win! |
| Outstanding Spec Lead | Win! |
| Most Significant JSR | Win! |
`t

>>See also

• `F33f`_`[JDK Enhancement Proposal`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=JDK_Enhancement_Proposal]`_`f

>>Notes

`:cite-note-1`!1.`! JSR 3 originally specified the JMX 1.0 release. Two subsequent "final" releases have provided JMX 1.1 and JMX 1.2. JMX 2.0 is specified by JSR 255.
`:cite-note-2`!2.`! JSR 52 originally specified the JSTL 1.0 release. A subsequent maintenance release provided JSTL 1.1.
`:cite-note-3`!3.`! JSR 56 originally specified the JNLP 1.0 release. A subsequent "final" release provided JNLP 1.5, which was primarily a maintenance release.[1] As of February, 2006, the JNLP 6.0 maintenance release has been completed but not finalized.
`:cite-note-4`!4.`! JSR 63 originally specified the JAXP 1.1 release. A subsequent maintenance release of JSR 63 provided the JAXP 1.2 specification.[2] JAXP 1.3 is specified by JSR 206.
`:cite-note-5`!5.`! JSR 127 originally specified the JSF 1.0 release. A subsequent maintenance release provided the JSF 1.1 specification.[3] JSF 1.2 is specified by JSR 252.
`:cite-note-6`!6.`! JSR 154 originally specified the Java Servlet 2.4 release. As of February, 2006 a maintenance draft of the 2.5 servlet specification is under review, scheduled to close on March 20, 2006.
`:cite-note-7`!7.`! JSR 913 originally specified JCP 2.0. It was subsequently amended by various changes to voting rules to produce version 2.1 and then further changed by licensing rules, policy, and processes to get to version 2.5. JCP 2.6 is defined by JSR 215.[4]
`:cite-note-8`!8.`! JSR 924 originally specified changes to the JVM to support changes in J2SE 5.0. As of 2006 a maintenance update to support changes proposed by JSR 202 is underway.
`:cite-note-handy-9`!9.`! `F0af`_`[↑`#cite-ref-handy-9-0]`_`f `:citerefhandy2011`aHandy, Alex (12 September 2011). "Java is open, but is the process?". `*SD Times`*. Retrieved 21 September 2011.
`:cite-note-whiting-10`!10.`! `F0af`_`[↑`#cite-ref-whiting-10-0]`_`f `:citerefwhiting2010`aWhiting, Rick (10 December 2010). "Apache Quits Java Governing Board Over Dispute With Oracle". `*CRN`*. Retrieved 21 September 2011.
`:cite-note-11`!11.`! `F0af`_`[↑`#cite-ref-11]`_`f The Java Community Process(SM) Program - Press & Success - News Stories. Jcp.org. Retrieved on 2013-07-17.
`:cite-note-12`!9.`! The Java Community Process(SM) Program - Press & Success - News Stories. Jcp.org. Retrieved on 2013-07-17.

>>External links

• Java Community Process home page
• List of all JSRs rated final
• List of all JSRs

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